We study Brazil’s recent use of satellite technology to overcome law enforcement shortcomings resulting from weak institutional environments. DETER is a system that processes satellite imagery and issues near-real-time deforestation alerts to target environmental enforcement in the Amazon. We propose a novel instrumental variable approach for estimating enforcement’s impact on deforestation. Clouds limiting DETER’s capacity to detect clearings serve as a source of exogenous variation for the presence of environmental authorities. Findings indicate that monitoring and enforcement effectively curbed deforestation. Results are not driven by the displacement of illegal activity into neighboring areas, and hold across several robustness checks

Suggested citation: Assunção, Juliano, Clarissa Gandour, and Romero Rocha. DETERringDeforestation in the Amazon: Environmental Monitoring and Law Enforcement. Working Paper 003. Rio de Janeiro: Climate Policy Initiative, 2019.